CBSE Class 10th Electricity Details & Preparations Downloads
In the dynamic landscape of education, where knowledge is paramount, the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has been a steadfast pillar, shaping the academic journey of millions of students across India. Nestled within the curriculum designed by CBSE, the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) emerges as a beacon of comprehensive learning. In this digital age, where access to information is a keystroke away, the amalgamation of CBSE and NCERT has paved the way for an enriched and accessible education system.
Empowering Education: CBSE NCERT Download Unleashes the Wonders of Electricity
Atomic Structure
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An atom has a positively charged nucleus and negatively charged electrons revolving around it.
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Valence electrons in metals are free to move within the conductor and constitute an electric current.
Charge
The charge is an intrinsic property of matter by virtue of which it can exert electromagnetic force.
Conductors and Insulators
A substance which offers comparatively less opposition to the flow of current is known as a conductor, and substances which offer larger opposition are called insulators.
Some examples of conductors include copper, iron and steel. Some of examples of insulators include glass, dry wood and cotton.
Electric Potential and Potential Difference
The electric potential at a point is defined as work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to that point. The potential difference between two points is defined as the difference in electric potentials at the two given points. The electrons move only if there is a difference in electric pressure called the potential difference. One Volt is defined as energy consumption of one joule per electric charge of one coulomb.
where V is the potential difference, W is the work done, Q is the electric charge.
Electric Current(I)
Flow of electric charges is called electric current, i.e, I = Q / t
Models of Electric Current
Drift Velocity of Electron
It is the average velocity that an electron attains inside a metallic conductor due to the application of an electric field due to the potential difference.
Battery and Its Working
A cell is a source of potential difference, which is created inside it due to internal chemical reactions.
At anode: Cu(s)⇌Cu2+(aq)+2e−
At cathode: Ag(aq)+2e−⇌2Ag(s)
A combination of cells is called a battery.
Electric Circuit
Electric Circuit and Circuit Diagram
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A closed-loop path which a current takes is called an electric circuit.
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The representation of an electric circuit through symbols is called a circuit diagram.
Resistance and Ohm’s Law
Ohm’s Law
The current flowing through an ohmic conductor is directly proportional to the applied potential difference between the two ends of the conductor. Ohm’s Law states the relationship between the potential difference across a conductor and the current through it
Resistance
Resistance is a measure of the opposition to the current flow in an electric circuit. Resistance is measured in ohms. All materials resist current flow up to some degree. All materials fall into one of two broad categories: Conductors and Insulators.
Factors Affecting Resistance & How They Affect
Resistance is:
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Directly proportional to the length of the conductor.
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Directly proportional to the nature of the conductor.
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Directly proportional to the temperature of the conductor.
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Inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the conductor.
Resistivity
The electrical resistance offered by a substance of unit length and unit cross-sectional area is called resistivity.
Ohmic and Non-Ohmic Resistors
Resistors that follow Ohm’s Law are called Ohmic resistors, and those that do not follow it are called Non-Ohmic resistors.
Superconductors
Conductors that offer zero resistance to the flow of current are called superconductors. Prominent examples of superconductors include aluminum, niobium, magnesium diboride, and cuprates such as yttrium barium, copper oxide, and iron pnictides.
Combination of Resistors
Two resistors are said to be combined in series if they carry the same current.
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Two resistors are said to be combined in parallel if the same potential difference is applied to them.
Equivalent Resistance of a System of Resistors
The equivalent resistance of two resistors is given as:
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In series, Req=R1+R2
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In parallel, 1/Req= 1/R1+ 1/R2
EMF and Terminal Voltage
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EMF: The potential difference between the two terminals of a cell when there is no current flowing through the circuit.
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Terminal voltage: The potential difference between the two terminals of a cell when current is flowing through the circuit. ​​
CBSE Class 10 NCERT Science Topics for a Strong Foundation (NCERT DOWNLOAD)
Chapter Name | Electricity |
Topic Number | Topics |
11.1 | Potential difference and Electric Current |
11.2 | Ohm’s Law |
11.3 | Resistance and Resistivity |
11.4 | Series Combination of Resistors |
11.5 | Heating Effect of Electric Current |
11.6 | Electric Power |
11.7 | Inter Relation Between P, V, I, R |
Electric Power and AC
Joule’s Law:
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Heat (H) ∝ square of the current (I).
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H ∝ Resistance of the given circuit.
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H ∝ Time (t) for which current flows through the conductor.
When a potential difference is established, it causes electrons to move, i.e. flow of current.
Uses of Heating Effect of Electric Current
The heating effect of current is applied in the working of electrical heating appliances such as electric kettles, electric irons, room heaters, water heaters (geysers), etc.
To know more about the Heating Effect of Current.
Electric Power
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The rate of doing work or the rate of consumption of electrical energy is called Electric Power. If W is work done in time t, then P=W/t.
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S.I. unit is Watt(W). One watt of power is consumed when 1 A of current flows at a potential difference of 1 V.
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The commercial unit of electrical energy is a kilowatt-hour (kWh).
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1kWh = 3,600,000J = 3.6×106J
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Represented as P=I2R and P=V2/R.
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One kilowatt-hour is defined as the amount of energy consumed when 1kW of power is used for 1 hour.
CBSE Class 10 Board Exam Sample Paper
[Previous Year Question Solution Maths Download Button]
[Previous Year Question Solution Science Download Button]
CBSE CLASS 10 Mathematics Chapters |
Chapter1: Real Numbers |
Chapter2: Polynomials |
Chapter3: Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables |
Chapter4: Quadratic Equations |
Chapter5: Arithmetic Progressions |
Chapter6: Triangles |
Chapter7: Coordinate Geometry |
Chapter8: Introduction to Trigonometry |
Chapter9: Some Applications of Trigonometry |
Chapter10: Circles |
Chapter11: Areas Related to Circles |
Chapter12: Surface Areas and Volumes |
Chapter13: Statistics |
Chapter14: Probability |
CBSE CLASS 10 Science Chapters |
Chapter1: Chemical Reactions and Equations |
Chapter2: Acids, Bases and Salts |
Chapter3: Metals and Non-metals |
Chapter4: Carbon and its Compounds |
Chapter5: Life Processes |
Chapter6: Control and Coordination |
Chapter7: How do Organisms Reproduce? |
Chapter8: Heredity |
Chapter9: Light – Reflection and Refraction |
Chapter10: The Human Eye and the Colourful World |
Chapter11: Electricity |
Chapter12: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current |
Chapter13: Our Environment |
Class 8 |
Class 9 |
Class 11 |
Class 12 |
CBSE Class 10th Downloadable Resources:
1. CBSE Class 10th Topic Wise Summary | View Page / Download |
2. CBSE Class 10th NCERT Books | View Page / Download |
3. CBSE Class 10th NCERT Solutions | View Page / Download |
4. CBSE Class 10th Exemplar | View Page / Download |
5. CBSE Class 10th Previous Year Papers | View Page / Download |
6. CBSE Class 10th Sample Papers | View Page / Download |
7. CBSE Class 10th Question Bank | View Page / Download |
8. CBSE Class 10th Topic Wise Revision Notes | View Page / Download |
9. CBSE Class 10th Last Minutes Preparation Resources (LMP) | View Page / Download |
10. CBSE Class 10th Best Reference Books | View Page / Download |
11. CBSE Class 10th Formula Booklet | View Page / Download |
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FAQ
Q1: What is electricity?
Ans: Electricity is a form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such as electrons or protons), either statically as an accumulation of charge or dynamically as a current.
Q2: How is electricity generated?
Ans: Electricity can be generated through various methods, including the burning of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas), nuclear reactions, renewable sources like solar and wind, and hydropower.
Q3: What is the unit of measurement for electric current?
Ans: The unit of measurement for electric current is the ampere, often abbreviated as "A."
Q4: What is Ohm's Law?
Ans: Ohm's Law states that the current passing through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points, given a constant temperature.
Q5: What is the difference between AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current)?
Ans: AC alternates direction periodically, while DC flows in one direction. Most household electricity is AC, while batteries provide DC.