CBSE Class 11th GRAVITATION Details & Preparations Downloads
In the grand tapestry of the cosmos, there exists a force that silently orchestrates the dance of planets, shapes the structure of galaxies, and governs the very fabric of space and time. This cosmic maestro is none other than gravitation – the fundamental force that binds the universe together. From the falling of an apple to the majestic orbits of celestial bodies, gravitation is the unseen hand that weaves the intricate story of the cosmos.
Unlocking Knowledge: CBSE class 11 chapter 7 Gravitation
The saga of our understanding of gravitation begins with the iconic tale of Sir Isaac Newton and the falling apple. In the 17th century, Newton's meticulous observations and revolutionary insights led to the formulation of the law of universal gravitation. This groundbreaking concept asserted that every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force proportional to their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Newton's law became the cornerstone of classical physics, providing a mathematical framework to explain the motions of planets and moons with unparalleled precision.
The advent of Albert Einstein brought a seismic shift in our understanding of gravitation. In 1915, Einstein presented his general theory of relativity, a revolutionary concept that redefined gravity as the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy. Unlike Newton's gravitational force, which acted at a distance, Einstein's theory portrayed gravity as the warping of the very fabric of the universe.
EXPLORING PHYSICS CHAPTER 7 GRAVITATION CBSE NCERT CLASS 11
CHAPTER NAME |
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE |
Topic Number |
Topics |
7.1 |
Introduction |
7.2 |
Kepler’s laws |
7.3 |
Universal law of gravitation |
7.4 |
Acceleration due to the gravity of the earth |
7.5 |
Gravitational potential energy |
7.6 |
Escape speed |
7.7 |
Earth satellites |
7.8 |
Energy of an orbiting satellite |
Gravitation is the fundamental force of attraction that exists between any two masses, any two bodies, any two particles. It is one of the four fundamental forces of nature, alongside electromagnetism, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force. The most familiar and noticeable manifestation of gravity is the attraction between the Earth and objects near its surface. Gravitation is responsible for the weight of physical objects and the motion of celestial bodies in space.
Here are some key aspects of gravitation:
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Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation:
Sir Isaac Newton formulated the law of universal gravitation in the 17th century. The law states that every mass in the universe attracts every other mass with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres.
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Mathematically, this law is expressed as F=G m1m2/r2 , where:
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F is the gravitational force between two masses,
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G is the gravitational constant,
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m1 And m2 are the masses of the two objects, and
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r is the distance between the centres of the masses.
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Gravitational Fields:
Gravity can be visualised as a gravitational field surrounding any mass. The gravitational field strength at a point is the force experienced by a unit mass placed at that point. Near the Earth's surface, this field strength is approximately 9.8 N/kg.
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Einstein's General Theory of Relativity:
In the early 20th century, Albert Einstein introduced a new understanding of gravitation with his general theory of relativity. According to Einstein, gravity is not a force between masses but a curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy. Massive objects like planets and stars warp the fabric of spacetime, and other objects move along the curved paths dictated by this curvature.
General relativity has been experimentally confirmed and is crucial for understanding phenomena like gravitational time dilation, the bending of light in a gravitational field, and the existence of gravitational waves.
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Effects of Gravity:
Gravity is responsible for a range of phenomena, from the falling of an apple to the orbits of planets around the sun. It is the force that keeps planets in orbit, causes tides on Earth, and determines the trajectories of celestial bodies in the universe.
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Modern Research and Gravitational Waves:
Modern gravitational research involves the study of extreme conditions such as black holes and neutron stars. Advanced detectors like LIGO and Virgo have successfully observed gravitational waves, providing a new way to explore the universe by directly detecting ripples in spacetime caused by cataclysmic events.
CBSE Class 11 Board Exam Sample Paper: Test Your Knowledge in Physics Questions.
FAQ
Q1. What is gravitation?
Answer 1 Gravitation is the force of attraction that exists between all objects with mass. It is responsible for objects falling to the ground, the motion of planets around the sun, and other phenomena related to mass and space.
Q2. Who discovered the law of gravitation?
Answer 2 Sir Isaac Newton is credited with discovering the law of gravitation. He formulated the law in 1687 in his book "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica."
Q3. What is Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?
Answer 3 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation states that every point mass attracts every other point mass in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres.
Q4. How does gravity work on Earth?
Answer 4 On Earth, gravity is what gives weight to physical objects and causes them to fall when dropped. The gravitational force between an object and the Earth pulls the object towards the centre of the Earth.
Q5. Does gravity only exist on Earth?
Answer 5 No, gravity exists everywhere in the universe. Every object with mass attracts every other object with mass. The strength of the gravitational force depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them.
CBSE CLASS 11th |
Physics Chapters |
Chapter 6 : SYSTEM OF PARTICLES AND ROTATIONAL MOTION |
Chapter 8: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS |
Chapter 9: MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS |
Chapter 10: THERMAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER |
Chapter 12: KINETIC THEORY |
Chapter 13: OSCILLATIONS |
Chapter 14: WAVES |
|
Chemistry Chapters |
Chapter 1: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY |
Chapter 2 : STRUCTURE OF ATOMS |
Chapter 3: CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES |
Chapter 4 : CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE |
Chapter 5 : THERMODYNAMICS |
Chapter 6 : EQUILIBRIUM |
Chapter 7: REDOX REACTIONS |
Chapter 8 : ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - SOME BASIC PRINCIPLE AND TECHNIQUES |
Chapter 9: Hydrocarbons HYDROCARBONS |
|
Mathematics chapter |
Chapter 1. SETS |
Chapter 2. RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS |
Chapter 3. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS |
Chapter 4. COMPLEX NUMBER AND QUADRATIC EQUATIONS |
Chapter 5. LINEAR INEQUALITIES |
Chapter 6. PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS |
Chapter 7. BINOMIAL THEOREM |
Chapter 8. SEQUENCES AND SERIES |
Chapter 9. STRAIGHT LINES |
Chapter 10. CONIC SECTIONS |
Chapter 11. INTRODUCTION TO THREE-DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY |
Chapter 12. LIMITS AND DERIVATIVES |
Chapter 13. STATISTICS |
Chapter 14. PROBABILITY |
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