Advanced Placement (AP) Courses – AP courses are courses equivalent to college offered in high school that allows students to obtain college credit while demonstrating intellectual proficiency. With over 30 disciplines ranging from math to history, AP helps students explore their interest, improve their college application, and prepare for higher education.
Each AP course has an exam for which high-performing students may receive credit toward their college coursework.
AP Physics C: Mechanics, an introductory college-level course in mechanics;
AP Physics 1, an alternative to AP Physics C: Mechanics that avoids calculus but includes fluids;
AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism, an introductory calculus-based treatment of electromagnetism; and
AP Physics 2, a survey of electromagnetism, optics, thermodynamics, and modern physics.
AP Physics Exam
Units Covered
Prerequirement
Exam Layout
Physics 1
KinematicsForce and Translational DynamicsWork, Energy, and PowerLinear MomentumTorque and Rotational DynamicsEnergy and Momentum of Rotating SystemsOscillationsFluids
This first-year physics course is designed for students who have no prior physics knowledge.Students should have finished geometry while also completing Algebra II or an equivalent course.
Section I: Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)
Number of Questions: 40 questions (decreased from 50)
Duration: 80 minutes (decrease from 90 minutes)
Options:
multi-select questions removed.
Section II:
Free-Response Questions (FRQs)
Number of Questions: 4 questions (decrease from 5)
Duration: 100 minutes (increased from 90 minutes)
Physics 2
ThermodynamicsElectric Force, Field, and PotentialElectric CircuitsMagnetism and ElectromagnetismGeometric OpticsWaves, Sound, and Physical OpticsModern Physics
Students must have completed AP Physics 1 or an equivalent beginning physics course.Students must have taken or are studying precalculus or an equivalent course.
Section I: Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)
Number of Questions: 40 questions (decreased from 50)
Duration: 80 minutes (decrease from 90 minutes)
Options:
multi-select questions removed.
Section II: Free-Response Questions (FRQs)
Number of Questions: 4 questions
Duration: 100 minutes (increased from 90 minutes)
Physics C – Mechanics
KinematicsForce and Translational DynamicsWork, Energy, and PowerLinear MomentumTorque and Rotational DynamicsEnergy and Momentum of Rotating SystemsOscillations
AP Physics C: Mechanics is an advanced version of AP Physics 1 which includes calculus.Students should have completed calculus courses or be doing them concurrently.
Section I: Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)
Number of Questions: 40 questions (increased from 35)
Duration: 80 minutes (increased from 45 minutes)
Options: 4 options per question (changed from 5 options)
Section II: Free-Response Questions (FRQs)
Number of Questions: 4 questions (increased from 3)
Duration: 100 minutes (increased from 45 minutes)
AP Physics C – Electricity and Magnetism
Electric Charges, Fields, and Gauss’s LawElectric PotentialConductors and CapacitorsElectric CircuitsMagnetic Fields and ElectromagnetismElectromagnetic Induction
AP Physics C: Electricity & Magnetism is the advanced version of AP Physics 2. It incorporates calculus.Students should have taken calculus or be studying it simultaneously.
Section I: Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)
Number of Questions: 40 questions (increased from 35)
Duration: 80 minutes (increased from 45 minutes)
Options: 4 options per question (changed from 5 options)
Section II:
Free-Response Questions (FRQs)
Number of Questions: 4 questions (increased from 3)
Duration: 100 minutes (increased from 45 minutes)
Difference Between AP Physics 1, 2 and C ?
AP Physics 1 is equal to the first semester of an introductory college-level algebraic physics course that covers Newtonian mechanics, work, energy, and power.
AP Physics 2 is similar to the second semester of a college-level introductory course and covers fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, optics, and quantum, atomic, and nuclear physics.
Both AP Physics C: Mechanics and AP Physics C: Electricity and Magnetism are equal to college-level calculus-based physics courses.
Topic wise Exam Assessment
Topic
Physics C – Mech
Physics 1
Kinematics
10–15%
10–15%
Force and Translational Dynamics
20–25%
18–23%
Work, Energy, and Power
15–25%
18–23%
Linear Momentum
10–20%
10–15%
Torque and Rotational Dynamics
10–15%
10–15%
Energy and Momentum of Rotating Systems
10–15%
5–8%
Oscillations
10–15%
5–8%
Fluids
–
10–15%
Topic
Physics C – E&M
Physics 2
Thermodynaics
–
15–18%
Electric Charges, Fields, Potential, and Capacitors
35–60%
15–18%
Electric Circuits
15–25%
15–18%
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
20–40%
12–15%
Geomatric Optics
–
12–15%
Waves, Sound, and Physical Optics
–
12–15%
Modern Physics
–
12–15%
AP Physics 1 Sections & Question Types
The AP Physics 1 exam is three hours long and consists of two sections: a multiple-choice section and a free-response section.
AP Physics 1 Section
Timing
Number of Questions
Multiple Choice
90 minutes
45 single-select: discrete questions and questions in sets with one correct answer5 multi-select: discrete questions with two correct answers
Free Response
90 minutes
1 experimental design1 qualitative/quantitative Translation3 short answer (requiring a paragraph-length argument)
TOTAL:
3 hours
55 questions
Calculator for AP Physics Exam 1 ?
You can use a calculator on the full AP Physics 1 Exam, including the multiple-choice and free-response portions. Scientific or graphing calculators may be used as long as they do not include any disallowed features or capabilities (the College Board’s website contains a list of acceptable graphing calculators).
Scoring system for AP Physics 1?
AP scores range from 1 to 5. Colleges prefer a 4 or 5, while some may accept a 3. Here’s how students performed on the May 2022 exam:
AP Physics 1 Score
Meaning
Percentage of Test Takers
5
Extremely qualified
7.90%
4
Well qualified
17.00%
3
Qualified
18.30%
2
Possibly qualified
27.10%
1
No recommendation
29.60%
FAQs
1. What are the requirements for the AP Physics courses?
A. Typically, AP Physics 1 requires geometry completion and concurrent participation in Algebra II or a similar subject. AP Physics 2 prerequisites include completion of AP Physics 1 or a comparable introductory physics course, as well as concurrent participation in pre-calculus or an equivalent subject. AP Physics C courses often need a solid calculus background, which can be obtained by concurrent enrollment or prior completion of calculus courses.
2. How Do Changes to the AP Physics Exam Affect Students?
A. The revisions to the AP Physics test emphasize deeper conceptual knowledge, greater math abilities (including calculus for AP Physics C), and lab-based problems. These changes better prepare students for college-level physics, improve problem-solving skills, and highlight real-world applications.
3. Which AP Physics course is most appropriate for students interested in biological sciences or pre-med studies?
A. Students interested in studying biological sciences, geology, or pre-med may benefit the most from taking AP Physics 1 followed by AP Physics 2. Different courses address a wide variety of fundamental physics concepts relevant to different professions.
4. Can I take both AP Physics C classes (Mechanics and Electricity/Magnetism)?
Yes, students with a strong interest and aptitude for physics and mathematics can take both AP Physics C courses. This option is especially appropriate for those who want a strong physics education and want to major in engineering or physical science.
5. How should students choose between AP Physics 1 and AP Physics 2 if both are offered at their school?
Ans: Students should assess their mathematical background and interest in certain areas. AP Physics 1 is an introductory course that needs less advanced math, whereas AP Physics 2 covers a wider range of subjects and requires precalculus. Choosing based on academic talents and future aspirations is critical.
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